10 Topics from Ch.13 Sec.3-4

1. The committee system which divides up the work of going through more than 10,000 bills.

2. Standing committee they are permanent groups that over see bills that continue from one congress to the next.

3. Subcommittees branch from standing committees. every committee has about 5 to 6 subcommittees and for every 20 members there are 4 subcommittees.

4. The number of personal staff between the years of 1947 and 1990 increased from 2,000 to 11,500. The committee staff increased from 400 to more than 3,000 in the same amount of time.

5. Each lawmaker spends more that $5.6 million on employees.

6. Legislative assistant (LA) the sit in on committee meetings and inform the lawmaker what they missed or they just tell the lawmakers how to vote if they do not know anything about the topic.

7. The library of congress is one of the largest libraries in the world and is used to provide information when ever congress may need it.

8. The Congressional budget office (CBO) studies economic trends, keeps track of how much congressional committees are spending and figure out how congresses budget choices will effect the economy.

9. The government printing office (GPO) they are the largest multipurpose printing plant in the world and print out the daily record which contains all bills introduced in both houses as well as the  speeches and testimonies presented in congress.

10. Professional staff in some cases have to much influence in the law makers decision with the information they present to the law makers.  

House vs. Senate

	House	Senate
Qualifications	Must be at least 25 years old, citizens of the United States for at least 7 years, and a legal resident of the state that elects them	Must be 30 years old citizens of the state for 9 years and legal residence of the state they represent
Organization	435 members based on population per state 435 is the limit	100 senators two per state
Rules	Unlimited amount of time per person per topic	5 min. per person per topic
Bill/lawmaking process	The house introduce bill the committee work and handle bill they have 6 calendars	They have 2 calendars senate leaders control the flow of bills to committees and to the floor for debate and vote
Leadership	Majority leader, minority leader, rules committee, and speaker of the house	Vice president
Length of term/ perks	2 years	6 years
Salary	$174,000	$174,000

Ch.13 Sec.1

1) What are the qualifications for becoming a representative?
      i. Must be at least 25 years old, citizens of the United States for at least 7 years, and a legal resident of the state that elects them

2) What did congress limit the number of representatives in 1929?
      i. 435

3) What is Gerrymandering?  What did the term come from?
      i. when a political party that has the majority in a state legislature draws a district's boundaries to gain an advantage. 
     ii. A newspaper published a cartoon of a map labeling it as "Gerrymander" Federalists popularized the term

4) What are the qualifications for becoming a senator?
      i. must be 30 years  old citizens of the state for 9 years and legal residence of the state they represent

5) What is a censure?
      i. A vote of formal disapproval of a member's actions

6) What are the characteristics of congress member?
      i. Many members are lawyers, banking, and have an educational backgrounds
     ii. Many members are white males with an average age of around 52 

Ch.10 Sec.2 Answers

1)   What is a lobbyist?  What do they do?

       i. A lobbyist is a representative from an interest group

           a. They try to influence government policy by making direct contact with lawmakers or other government leaders 

  

2)   What are some potential dilemmas involved with lobbyists?

       i. How accurate the information is

            a. Lobbyist might exaggerate information on their issue

      ii. whether or not lobbyist partner with politicians 

     iii. A better lobbyist might get more attention even if their topic isn't as pressing as another 

    

3)   Identify the kinds of people who become lobbyists.

       i. Members of congress 

      ii. Lawyers

     iii. Public relations experts

4)   Describe three methods lobbyist use to influence lawmakers.

       i. Drafting Bills 

          a. Organized interest groups will have research staff help members of congress draft proposed laws

      ii. Providing Election Support 

          a. Interest groups can promise campaign support or threaten withhold support depending on whether or not they support their policies 

     iii. Taking Court Action 

          a. Some interest groups go to court to meet their polices goals

                                                 

5)   Explain why Congress asks lobbyists to testify at hearings and to hear draft legislation.

       i. The lobbyists are used as representatives for these different groups or companies and help give more information on certain topics to help congress make a decision 

      ii. Because many interest groups helped create the drafts they could give input

 

6)   How do interest groups win public support?

       i. Media Campaigns 

      ii. writing letters to government officials

 

7)   Why is the Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act ineffective in controlling lobbying at the national level?

        i. Lobbyists only have to report money spent in direct contact with legislators

       ii. Only people or organizations whose principal purpose is to influence legislation needs to register 

      iii. Congress has not created an agency to enforce the lobbying law or to check the reports lobbyists file

8)   Do you believe interest groups have too much influence on the national government?  Why? 

         i. I do not think that interest groups have too much power in the government. Interest groups are just groups of people that think similarly, so they come together to make it easier to voice their opinions.  

Ch.10 Sec.1 Answers

 1)   Why was James Madison against special interest groups?

       i. James Madison was against special interest groups because he believes that these factions were "adverse to the rights of other citizens

           a. he thought that the Republican form of government was a good enough safe guard  

 

 2)   What is the difference between special interest groups and political parties?

        i. Interest group try to sway votes rather than actually having a candidate run

       ii. Interest groups only focus on a few issues or specific problems and don't want anyone with a different point of view. where as political parties accept almost everyone and work in many issues and problems

      iii. Interest groups are are organized on common values rather then geographical location

  3)   List three reasons why citizens join special interest groups?

        i. A group can promote an individuals economic self interests

       ii. A group ac center around an individual's beliefs, values, or attitudes

      iii. Some citizens join groups for nonpolitical reasons

            a. name

            b. whose in the groups

  4)   Describe the ways that leaders of an interest group unite the membership of the group.

        i. They keep members informed with newsletters, mailings, and telephone calls

       ii. They act as speakers it their group to try to improve their image in the media

      iii. They plan groups strategies

     iiii. They raise money to run the organization

            a. They over see all financial decisions of the group 

 .

 5)   Why are interest groups more effective in influencing government officials than are individual citizens?

         i. They help get their voice heard because there is power in numbers

        ii. It is easy to represent a group of people with common interests rather than individuals 

 6)   Why would a professional association such as the American Bar Association, organized to influence licensing and training of lawyers, become a political interest group?

          i. It brings people with specific occupations together to try and influence laws made that would affect the standards of their profession

 

  7)    List four special interest groups and describe what their interests are.

          i. National Association of Manufacturers 

             a. (NAM) works to lower individual taxes and corporate taxes, limit government regulation of business, and raise tariffs, or taxes on imported goods 

         ii. Committee on Political Education

             a. Their major goals are fundraising, voter registration drives, and support for political candidates 

        iii. American Farm Bureau Federation 

             a. Speaks for for the larger, more successful farmers and is closely associated with the federal Department of Agriculture 

       iiii. Ralph Nader's Public Citizens, Inc. 

             a. Devotes itself to consumer and public safety issues affecting the general population

  8)   If you were to join a special interest group what would it be and why? 

          i. Alaska Conservation Voters 

             a. I would join the (ACV) because they believe in unifying the voices of Alaskan citizen so they can be better heard, as well as supporting candidates that will conserve Alaska's wilderness   

Ch.9 Sec.4 Answers

1) What are three suffrage requirements?
 You need to be a citizen of the U.S., have residency of that state, and registered with that state.

2) Why do states have a residency requirement?
 So that you have time to become informed on state issues before you can take part in elections.

3) What is the profile of a Regular Voter?
 They are citizens that believe that their vote helps put their voice out. Also people that are well off financially as well as being of middle age are more likely to vote regularly. 

4) What is the profile of a Nonvoter?
 They are citizens that believe that it doesn't matter who becomes president because they think that nothing will change or will just get worse.

5) Define Initiative, proposition, referendum, and recall.
Initiative in an election is the procedure where voters propose a new state constitutional amendment or law.
Proposition is what a new law or amendment is called when it is being proposed.
A referendum is the way that voting citizens can approve or disapprove measures that the state legislature has passed.
Recall is the process by which voters can remove incompetent or untrustworthy elected officials

6) Discuss why some American citizens do not vote during elections.
Many citizens do not vote at all because the feel that in the long run that it does not matter. These citizens know that even if the the person they are voting for does get the popular vote it doesn't mean that the electoral vote isn't going to someone else. Also some people think that is doesn't matter who wins they are still going to be doing just about the same thing and that the elections just give the illusion of change.     

Ch.9 Sec.2 Answers

1) What the four major factors that influence voters decisions?
        Voter usually choose their candidate by their personal background of the voters, loyalty to political parties, issues in election campaigns, and the candidate's image.

2) Why do experts predict that campaign issues and the candidates' images may increasingly influence voters?
         Because  many voters are becoming more and more independent, so belonging to certain political parties will not win the candidate votes they will have to present the issues they plan to fix and what the hope to accomplish.  

Ch.9 Sec.1 Answers

1) Explain how the electoral system influences presidential campaigns.
       The electoral system can be swayed any way the electoral college wants, this means that they can vote for whom ever, even if it isn't what the majority of citizens in that state wanted.

2) Discuss how modern campaigns are funded.
      Modern campaigns can be funded by large corporations, which is usually shady. They can also be funded by donations from citizens as well as get funding from the federal government if they have 5% of the popular vote.  

3) What is the impact of mass media on elections?
       Media plays a huge role in elections, most Americans get the majority of their news from the television. This can be anything from news channels, commercials, or talk shows; many people don't even do their own research before making a decision and only uses the television as a source of information.   

The Green Party

          The Green Party supports the idea that we should have an environmentally conscience nation, that we should resolve our issues peacefully and without force, and they don’t believe in accepting donations from corporations that will try to influence their opinions. This party was created because the two major parties don’t support their ideals.

          I do believe that a two party system is flawed. I think that there should be many parties of equal power. This could eliminate issues such as the government shutdown where the two parties didn’t agree on an issue. With more government parties, there would be more variation of beliefs and less division. We can fix this by supporting third party groups that we agree with. Perhaps the third party groups could gain more support and more power and the two major parties would become less dominant. Over time the power would be distributed among these parties and there would be more variety in the government.

Drone Strikes: Right or Wrong?

          In my opinion the use of drones is a flawed program with potential to protect United States citizens. On one hand, military use is important to help keep innocent people from being killed. On the other hand, there was a case where the people controlling the drone mistook a truck of twenty-seven civilians for hostile enemies. There are other flaws on the military side; there is currently no efficient way to know how many people you’ve killed, if you’ve killed any civilians, or if you even got the target. 
          In relation to humanitarian law, the U.S. has found what I think is a loophole; they can take out a target without sending an entire squad of fighter jets to do the same job as one drone. Although I don’t agree with some of the uses and recognize its flaws, I believe that drones have a lot of potential and are not going anywhere.

Chapter 8 Review pg. 253

Reviewing Facts and Ideas
   1. Federalists & Republican Democrats, Republicans & Democrats
   2. Single-issue party such as the Liberty party who were strongly antislavery, ideological party like the Communist party, and splinter parties like Roosevelt's Bull Moose party. 
   3. Political parties are necessary because presidential candidates are chosen by these parties. They also help to give more than one point of view on an issue or topic, to keep from letting one group control the government.  
   4. A two major political party system is used used to present different view points, not just one as well as making it "easier" to come to a decision on an issue without having so many groups and offer candidates.
   5. In an open primary citizens can vote for any candidate they want regardless of whether or not they are registered for either party. In a closed primary you may only vote for a candidate from your registered party, these are based on state.
   6.There are four methods which are caucuses, nominating conventions, primary election, and petition. 


Applying Themes
   1. Parties select government officials, and the multi-party system allows diversity and equal representation for various groups of citizens.
   2. third parties have useful ideas that are usually use by the major parties, if people actually like them. also the can sometimes sway the vote for presidential candidates by taking votes away from others.
   3. the majority of the U.S. have dedicated themselves to either two parties and are not open to change. as well as the laws which makes it difficult to be able to nominate a presidential candidate, by requiring them to have many signature before putting them on the ballot.
   4. Citizens can show their support by voting in the parties favor or to donate money to help in their campaigns. 
 

Letter to my Senetor Response

Dear Trysten:

 

Thank you for contacting me regarding the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and funding for its programs. I appreciate hearing from you and having the opportunity to respond. 

 

I oppose the ACA and believe it should be repealed, dismantled, or delayed.  This year alone, I voted for an amendment on March 13 to prohibit the use of funds to implement the ACA, and on March 22, I voted to repeal the law.  On July 11, I voted against the FY14 Labor, Health and Human Services Appropriations bill in Committee because of ACA funding, and on July 25 I voted against the FY14 Financial Services Appropriations bill for the same reason.  During the continuing resolution debate, I supported moving forward with the House bill that would defund the ACA.  Despite my opposition and that of every Republican in the Senate, we simply do not have the votes to defund the ACA. Given that, I do not believe it was a wise strategy to shut down the government because we were unable to prevail in our legislative priority.

 

We need real health care reform that will improve Alaskans' access to care, reduce costs by allowing individuals to purchase health insurance across state lines, reform medical liability so we can limit the practice of defensive medicine, and restructure the delivery system of health care to make it more affordable and accessible.  What we don't need is a law that made promises that haven't been kept, including that Americans would have lower premiums, Americans would not see their taxes increase and that the elderly and disabled on Medicare would be protected.

 

The nation's economic path is currently unsustainable, and the rising cost of health care is a major reason for this.  America's health care system is entirely too expensive and entirely too inefficient.  I stand ready to work with anyone who wants to replace this law with something smarter, leaner and more responsive to Alaskans.

 

Again, thank you for contacting me. 

 

 
 

     

United States Senator

http://murkowski.senate.gov*

First Amendment and Social Media

As social media becomes more and more prevalent in everyday American life, we have to reevaluate the way that the first amendment applies to these medias. People post their thoughts on websites like Facebook or Twitter, without thinking about the consequences of what their saying. It is second nature to vent your feelings on Facebook when you are upset about someone or something, without taking into consideration the people who can see and share these comments. It is common practice for future or current employers to look at an employees social media account.

Sally Bercow, the wife of the Speaker of the UK Parliament, has recently been sued for accusing Lord McAlpine of sexual abuse against a child on her Twitter account. Mrs. Bercow lost the case and is warning others to be cautious of what they say on the internet. Cases like Bercow vs. McAlpine will most likely become more and more common.  To read about the case, go to the link below:

Sally Bercow's Libellous Tweet

Ch.6 Sec.2 Answers

1) List and describe the three types of speech.
    a. Pure Speech
        I. The verbal expression of thought and opinion before an audience that has chosen to listen
    b. Speech Plus
        I. Actions such as marching, demonstrating, or picketing as well as words 
    c. Symbolic Speech
        I. Using actions and symbols in place of words to express opinion

2) How has Congress regulated speech? List three ways and describe each.
     a. Clear and Present Danger Test
         I. When the speech presents a danger to the nation, especially during a time of war the first amendment doesn't protect them
     b. The Bad Tendency Doctrine
         I. Speech can be restricted even if it has a tendency to be harmful, this hasn't really been used sense the 1920's but could lead to the unnecessary revocation of the first amendment
     c. The Preferred Position Doctrine
         I. This doctrine is in place to hold the first amendment over most other rights because it is viewed as more important, and stops the making of unnecessary laws that limit this freedom 

3) Why types of speech is not protected?
     a. Defamatory Speech
         I. The use of oral or written forms of speech, to falsely ruin someones reputation or good name
     b. Fighting Words
         I. The use of any offensive, derisive, or annoying words in an attempt to provoke physical violence
     c. Student Speech
         I. Student speech has been limited so that activities pertain to the curriculum such as the regulation of speech in school newspapers, theater productions, and other school activities 

4) How have changes in Supreme Court definitions of seditious speech expanded First Amendment rights? Cite cases to support your answer.
At first seditious speech referred to anyone who even spoke of rebellion as well as people who acted on it (Dennis v. United States). Later on the needed to narrow the definition of seditious speech, (Yates v. United States) Just because someone talked about acting out is not illegal and isn't the same as actually taking action.

5) List how the Supreme court has limited student speech.
The have regulated what the students can freely say during school activities or classes. 

Ch.6 Sec.3 Answers

 1) Why do most groups have to obtain a permit to parade or hold a demonstration? 
 It was made to make sure that they do not interfere with other citizens using the area.

2) Why was the Nazi party in Skokie allowed to march?  What dilemmas or controversies does this case bring up? 
A federal district court determined that residents can't require such a high price for a parade permit just because the group is unpopular. The Nazis believed that the high price of the permit was going against their freedom of speech and of assembly. Also, the citizens felt as if the demonstration would infringe on their rights as well.   

3) Describe dilemmas that a free society faces in setting limits on freedom of assembly.  
People would feel as though their voice is being suppressed. We set limits on the freedom of assembly to protect other people's rights. Whose rights do we protect? The people who are assembling of the people who feel that the assembly is infringing on their rights?

4) When may the right to assemble be limited on public and private property?
When it goes against the rights of others and interferes with the intended purpose of the facility. The right to assemble doesn't allow for people to protest on private property, even when it is open to the public.

A Letter To My Senator

Trysten Burnham
P.O. Box 342
Skagway, Alaska 99840
October 9, 2013

The Honorable Senator Murkowski
 709 Hart Senate Building
Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Senator Murkowski:

My name is Trysten Burnham and I reside in Skagway, Alaska. I am in the eleventh grade attending Skagway High School. I am writing to you to voice my concern about the issues currently facing our nation.

The Affordable Care Act (H.R. 3590) and the government shutdown are two issues that I would like to discuss. I can explain my position on The Affordable Care Act in three points: insurance prices will be more competitive, it offers coverage to people with pre-existing health problems, and it benefits young adults under the age of 26. Then, I will offer my opinion of the government shutdown.

The Affordable Care Act will force insurance companies to offer more affordable prices due to a more competitive market. This new "Health Insurance Marketplace" makes it easier for individuals, families, and small businesses to get insurance. This is a good thing for young families who want to ensure the health of their children, giving these young parents much needed piece of mind.

Next, insurance companies will not be able to deny applicants with pre-existing health conditions. Also, insurance companies will be unable to drop their insurance clients just because their ailment gets too serious. This benefits Americans who become ill and need support to pay their medical bills.

I will be 18 years old in less than two years. The idea that I can be covered by my father's insurance until the age of 26 is reassuring as I go to college and begin my career. Students and young Americans around the country won't have to worry about finding their own insurance until they are well on their way to financial stability.

I find it irresponsible that both political parties are unable to find middle ground and pass a spending bill.The government shutdown is a direct result of the republicans and democrats not having concern for the good of the people. Thousands of citizens, who depend on their government paychecks, are sitting at home instead of working due to this shutdown. The negative aspects of The Affordable Car Act are not worth shutting down the government. Using the importance of the spending bill as leverage to destroy the Affordable Care Act is petty.

These matters are all very important, and I understand that there is no easy answer. Thank you for your time, I would appreciate you taking the time to consider what I have expressed in this letter. Please send me a response with your standpoint on these issues, I would love to hear the opinions of my state senator.

Thank you for your time.

Sincerely,
Trysten Burnham

The Responsibilities of Citizens

1) Knowing About Rights and Laws
     a. To know and understand the laws throughout the U.S.
     b. To know and utilize their rights

2) Take part in politics and be aware of whats going on

3)Voting
    a. Take part in choosing our nations leaders

4) Voter Participation
     a. Everyone should take part in elections

5) Give support to political groups you believe in

Chapter 5 Section 1 Question Answers

1. By having U.S. parent or by born on U.S. soil.

2. So that people of all races, born in the U.S. are citizens.

3. The person must be 18 years old and have lived in a state for 5 years there would be a hearing to test their qualifications and will be asked basic questions about the government.Lastly they must attend another hearing to state the oath of allegiance to show their loyalty to the U.S.

4. By being a traitor of the U.S., leaving to live in a foreign country, being convicted of federal crimes that show extreme disloyalty, and lying during the naturalization process.

Note Cards

Q. where can one state sue another?
A. In the US supreme court.

Q. How has congress acted to close the extradition loophole?
A. by making it a federal crime to flee from one state to another in order to avoid prosecution for a felony.

Q. what are the obligations of the states?
A.
-state and local government conduct and pay for elections
-no amendment can be added to the constitution without 34 of the states approval

Q. what are interstate compacts?
A. writer agreements between tow or more states.

Q. what are concurrent powers?
A. Powers both national and state powers.

Q. what is an example of a concurrent power?
A. power to tax, maintain courts, define crimes and to appropriate private property for the public.

Q. can state actions conflict with national law?
A. no

Q.         What are some powers denied by the constitution? Answer on both a national and state level.

A.         -Denied powers of National Government: Not allowed to tax exports, cannot interefere w/ the ability of states to carry out their responsibilities,

-Denied powers of the State Government: can’t make treaties with other countries, cannot coin money, must have congressional approval to collect duties  on exports or imports and to make agreements with other states

Q.         What is a policy?

A.         -A stated course of action.

Q.         How does federalism affect public policy making?

A.         -It affects how and where new policies are made in the United States.

            -It introduces limits on government policy making.

 

A. What is the process of admitting a new state?

Q. Congress must first pass an enabling act, which, after being signed by the president, allows the people of a territory to write a constitution. Once approved, the state can be admitted into the union and is equal to the other states.

A. What are inherent powers?

Q. They are the powers the national government automatically gets because it is A government.

A. What relations must the government establish?

           Q.  Diplomatic.

A. What kind of government must the states be given?

           Q.  Republican.

A. What must the national government protect states against?

            Q. Invasion and domestic violence.

A. Why can the government not turn Alaska into multiple states?

Q. It must respect territorial integrity and get permission from Alaska before breaking it into states.

A. When can the president send troops to the states?

Q. When national laws are being violated, federal property is being threatened, federal responsibilities are being interfered with, or if/when state governments request it.

 

 

Q. What is the supremacy clause?

A. No state law or state constitution may conflict with any form of national law.

Q. Who do state powers belong to?

A. State powers belong to states governments.

Q. What amendment gives the states powers?

A. The tenth amendment gives states their powers.

Q. What are some things states have done with their powers?

A. Regulated public school systems, established local governments, etc.

Q. What are three expressed powers in the Constitution?

A. Power to make war, levy taxes, and raise a military.

Q. Give one example of why expressed powers are important.

A. Expressed powers are important cause they allow the Federal Government to defend the country without specific states approval-quickly.

Q. How does the Federal Government control trade?

A. It regulates trade between states so no inequalities or feuds cause a lack in another state. Also prevents states from trading with enemies of the US.

Q. Why does the Federal Government coin money instead of individual states?

A. The stability of a currency is much greater with more resources, thus worth more-so by having the entire US on our currency, it allows greater wealth.

Q. What is the clause for implied powers?

A. Necessary and proper

Q. Name two examples of implied powers?

A. Two implied powers: power to draft people into the armed forces, development of space program

Q. How does the regulation of nuclear power plants come under Federal jurisdiction?

A.  The Federal Government could decide that it should regulate the safety aspect of npp thus basically controlling it. It would be of Federal interest because it is a public health and safety matter.

Q. What is the supremacy clause?

A. No state law or state constitution may conflict with any form of national law.

Q. Who do state powers belong to?

A. State powers belong to states governments.

Q. What amendment gives the states powers?

A. The tenth amendment gives states their powers.

Q. What are some things states have done with their powers?

A. Regulated public school systems, established local governments, etc.

Q. What are three expressed powers in the Constitution?

A. Power to make war, levy taxes, and raise a military.

Q. Give one example of why expressed powers are important.

A. Expressed powers are important cause they allow the Federal Government to defend the country without specific states approval-quickly.

Q. How does the Federal Government control trade?

A. It regulates trade between states so no inequalities or feuds cause a lack in another state. Also prevents states from trading with enemies of the US.

Q. Why does the Federal Government coin money instead of individual states?

A. The stability of a currency is much greater with more resources, thus worth more-so by having the entire US on our currency, it allows greater wealth.

Q. What is the clause for implied powers?

A. Necessary and proper

Q. Name two examples of implied powers?

A. Two implied powers: power to draft people into the armed forces, development of space program

Q. How does the regulation of nuclear power plants come under Federal jurisdiction?

A. The Federal Government could decide that it should regulate the safety aspect of npp thus basically controlling it. It would be of Federal interest because it is a public health and safety matter.

Being a US Citizen

                  Being a citizen means that you have either been born in the US or if one of your parents is already a citizen. As a citizen you are expected to participate in paying income taxes, serving on jury duty when asked, and to defend the country if the need ever came. In return for fulfilling these responsibilities you are given, then the government protects you and all the rights given to you by the Bill of Rights and the US Constitution.

28th Amendment

            Some people in the US receive money and food stamps for having a very low or no income. People can also qualify for Medicaid if they have young children. Some of the many people who use welfare are abusing the system, by not attempting to apply for any jobs, lying about how many children they have, or claiming they have disabilities when they do not. Because these individuals are receiving money for not doing anything they are giving the people who could not live with out it a bad name. To stop these people should have to comply with regular visits, to prove they are trying to get jobs, currently have children, or have a disability as well as taking drug tests to make sure the money isn’t wasted,           

I believe that this is an important amendment that will help save the U.S. money that would otherwise go to people who don’t deserve it and help weed out the people who are breaking the law.

Many low-income families would oppose this amendment because they do not want to be hassled with the constant checkups, especially those who do use it the wrong way. To this I say, if you are not breaking the guidelines then you have nothing to worry about and you will receive the governments help and that it is a small price to pay to receive free money, if you need it. 

   

The Constitution

1.     George Washington, Ben Franklin, James Madison, James Wilson, Gouverneur Morris, alexander Hamilton.

2.     They all had money and were involved in politics, educated.

3.     George Washington presided over their meetings, they agrees that the powers should be split in three legislative, judicial, executive. Limited how often states could coin money. Strengthen the government

4.     A strong national legislature with two chambers, a strong national executive to be chosen by the national legislator, a national judiciary to be appointed by the legislature. Large states favored it because they have a larger population.

B. New Jersey plan William Patterson wanted the states to have the same rights as the confederation each state gets one vote.

C. Connecticut legislative has two parts a house of representatives, with state representation passed on population. And a senate with two members from each state or more depends on population.

D. 3/5 the southern states wanted slaves to count as people to have better representatives the north disagreed so they made slaves 3/5 of a person.

E. Commerce and slave-trade compromise they decided not to ban slave trade until 1808 and forbid taxes on exports.

F. The slavery question the founders decided to leave it to later generations in fear of upsetting the south. South wanted help with runaway slaves

G. They would vote for the president rather than the people, but they can take it into effect. There an argument about how long the president can serve.

5.     There was no bill of rights and wanted it written down and wanted done just in case

6. Alexander Hamilton, John jay, James Madison

Ch.1 Sec.2 Answers

1.    The Iroquois confederation was a group of native Americans consisting of the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida , Onondaga, and Seneca tribes which influenced American colonists to help form their government.
2.    sense the American colonists were about 3,000 miles away from Britain they could not take direct orders. So in a result they had to form their own government comprised of men the the people elected.

3.    After their french and Indian war King George III decided to tax the American colonists because the war was in part fought to protect the colonies. The colonists did not like this because they were used to not having to pay taxes.
4.    the king taxed all paper goods from legal documents to playing cards. After some time of this going on the the colonists became upset and thought that the tax was unjust. so in Boston a few men dressed as Mohawk Indians and threw the latest shipment of tea into the harbor as protest. the Stamp Act was later lifted and replaced with the Coercive Acts.

5.    The colonies unified against Britain and there harsh laws and taxes. The stamp act congress or first congress was comprised of representatives from the American colonies to protest the kings unfair taxes. the committees of correspondence was a shadow government fighting against what they thought was unjust. the first Continental congress did not allow trade with Britain. the second Continental congress managed the colonial war effort during the Revolutionary War they also appointed diplomats and created treaties.

6.    Thomas Paine wrote a famous pamphlet stating that people should have the right to govern themselves and that kings and queens shouldn't make laws the people should.

Creation of Colonial Government

            When the colonists first came to America, they already have an idea on what there government would look like. But they did not come up with it all on their own, they had some references the Magna Carta, English bill of rights, John Locke, as well as there own experiences.

            The Magna Carta was a contract between the king and the common people stating that the king couldn’t just do what ever he wanted to whom ever he wanted. So that he would not have absolute power over every thing. The Magna Carta influenced the English Bill of Rights in the way that it helped give people some rights as free men. Some of these rights carried over to the colonies one example is a fair trial by a jury by their peers.

            John Locke had some published writing about government and the rights of people. He writes that if a government is unjust and not fair that the people should have the right to change it for the better. As well as many other freedoms and liberties. John was very well known at the time and may new of him and his writings.

            Not only did people and famous documents influence the colonists but also by the circumstances that they had as well as where they were. Some one from out of the colonies could not govern them sense they were so far away from England so they had to govern themselves. So they made their own government led by selected individuals chosen by the people to represent them.

            The colonists did not have to entirely come up with their own government and help from many other writings and people.